For the life of me I cannot understand what this revised verse of yours is saying:"No one knows the day or the hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor even the Son, if not the Father."
Can you give a simple explanation as to what is being said in this translation?
Thanks!
Yes, and I can understand both why you find this expression subtle,
and why historically it was easily misinterpreted and then paraphrased
and metamorphized into something with a completely different and
false meaning.
The first step in unpacking this saying is to expand it legitimately,
by replacing any Ellipsis in the sentence.
"No one knows the day and the hour;
not even the angels in heaven know the day and the hour,
not even the Son (knows the day and the hour),
if the Father (Himself) doesn't know the day and the hour."
The first three clauses,
if they were separately expressed as independent flat statements,
would have carried the modern meaning normally attributed to them
by translators.
That is, any or all three of these clauses,
had they been said by Jesus
on separate occasions, would have suggested either historical truths,
or statements about the current state of knowledge of those mentioned.
Thus,
if we had found in some section of the Gospels,
"The angels don't know the day and the hour (of the Last Day, Judgement, or Return)."
... we would be justified in believing that the angels don't know this,
and if expressed as a universal truth meant to apply until the 2nd coming,
we could even strongly believe that the angels even now do not know.
And if Jesus had said, on another independent occasion,
"Even The Son (of Man) does not know the day or hour."
... perhaps on some occasion when the disciples had asked,
"When is the army of God Coming?"
We could reasonably understand that Jesus had simply said
"I don't know."
in a poetic way, or perhaps a way that prevented others
(who didn't know He referred to himself with this title)
from picking up that admission.
Even then, we would be extending the meaning beyond the text,
if we were to assume that Jesus
remained in the dark regarding the date,
after being resurrected and ascending to His throne in Heaven
at God's right hand.
It would still be a reasonable assumption in some people's view,
for instance if the time had not been yet
decided,
or if Jesus had not bothered to ask the Father when.
Probably the most universal expression we might have liked to find,
would be an independent statement by Jesus somewhere like this:
"No one knows the Day and the Hour
when the army of the Lord is coming."
In this case, the all but universal flat statement would
naturally be assumed to include both angels and the Son of Man (Jesus).
And such an UNQUALIFIED and UNLIMITED universal
would justify a belief that Jesus taught that this particular information
(the time of the event) is an UNKNOWABLE thing.
The problem is, Jesus never did make any such flat unconditional statements.
And
other things that Jesus said now have to be taken into account and used
to form our view of what Jesus meant in the real passage at hand.
I think that if we really try to understand
the Conditional Sentence,
we will come away with a good idea of what Jesus is saying in Mark 13:34.
Let's try first to see what
the Conditional Sentence does for us
in another passage, which everyone already understands,
and in which everyone agrees to its basic meaning:
"In my Father's house are many homes.
But if not, (that is, "if there were not many homes there," )
(then) I would have told you." (
John 14:2)
" εν τη οικια του Πατρος μου μοναι πολλαι εισιν.
ει δε μη [elipsis of counter-assertion],
ειπον αν υμιν!"
First, lets note that UNLIKE Mark 13:32, this Conditional
is preceded by a flat UNconditional statement that helps us to get it.
There are in fact two statements here:
(1)
"In My Father's house there are many homes." (statement 1).
This is a flat historical truth, making it absolutely clear what Jesus
wants us to understand, believe, and take away from the talk.
(2)
"But if not, I would have told you!" (statement 2).
This is a perfectly understandable expression, but we don't normally
unpack it to its fullest extent, because we easily understand the shorthand.
This 'shorthand', developed through Ellipsis, which is a natural way
people have of getting quickly to the point, is not usually ambiguous.
the CONTEXT (the previous statement) provides the meaning.
Using the previous statement, we can make this second sentence
more of a 'stand-alone' and complete statement, that gives the meaning,
even without the previous first statement:
"But if [in My Father's House there are] NOT [many homes],
I would have told you [that there were not many homes there]."
Now the second statement is clear without needing the first one.
Suppose we apply this same fuller structure to the Conditional Statement
in Mark 13:32:
First we need a flat unconditional
statement (1) which tells us the facts.
(1)
"There IS someone who knows the Day and the Hour of the Return." or,
"The Father knows the Day and the Hour of the Return."
Now we add the Conditional Sentence,
which tells us under what conditions the OPPOSITE case would require,
just like the example from the Gospel of John:
(2)
"If the Father doesn't know,
then not even the angels would know,
and not even the Son of Man knows."
What is this second statement saying?
It does not contradict the first statement,
because it does not assert a flat unconditional truth about
a historical situation or a current condition.
Instead, it tells us that ANOTHER sign or condition would exist,
in the case where statement 1 failed.
Jesus here would be asserting that
it is impossible for Angels or even 'the Son of Man' to know something
that the Father himself does not know.
Why would Jesus say this?
It seems almost a trivial claim, but it is actually a very forceful claim:
Jesus is reminding the crowd that they are already witnessing
a Revelation by Himself (the Son of Man) from God the Father,
accompanied by Signs and miracles.
Therefore they can be confident and certain that what Jesus reveals
about the future is reliable and true, because its from the Father.
Jesus is reminding them that all His own knowledge and power
is being SOURCED by the Father.
In the real context of Jesus revealing new truths to people in darkness,
accompanied by unheard of power and merciful blessings and healings,
they can be assured that all this 'shock and awe' is from THE FATHER.