Idolater
"Matthew 16:18-19" Dispensationalist (Catholic) χρ
Again, the context, the very reason I quoted the ENTIRE chapter, not just a small portion of it, is Israel's rebellion against God. Go read the whole chapter again. It's in the spoiler.
The interlocutor of Romans 9 is a Jew who is asking why God has cut them off when they were promised a Kingdom. Hence the "pursuing righteousness through faith" vs "pursuing righteousness through works of the law."
I always thought it meant that their kingdom was freely available to them, but it wasn't attained through works of the Old Law because it's the New Covenant, and plus they had to share. With Gentiles. That made them jealous, especially "certain men which came down from Judaea". Not just jealous of sharing with the Gentiles, but also jealous for the Old Law, the Old Covenant, the Old Testament. They didn't want to share their kingdom with the Gentiles, and they didn't want to violate Torah. God hardened their hearts like He hardened pharaoh's, is an exact analogy or parallel for Paul, comparing these jealous men from Judea toward the Gentiles in the Church, with Pharaoh toward Moses. Paul says he's basically Moses in this story, saying to his own countrymen, "Let my people (the Gentiles) go [(into Christ's kingdom)]." But they the circumcision were jealous.
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