Originally posted by Scrimshaw
Just a few thoughts below....
Disagree. You are simply positing the self-refuting philosophy of Scientism here with point two. Proof can exist in non-empirical forms. For example, argumentation is a form of "proof" in itself. Also, you should consider legal evidence as well. Many times, legal evidence does not require empirical proof but simply enough indirect proof that is sufficient to overcome reasonable doubt regarding the cause of a past event.
You're wrongly equating proof and evidence. I'm not talking about proof. I'm talking about acceptable standards of evidence. Proof may well lie outside the boundaries of empiricism, which is why so few things are actually proven (even Newton's Laws of Thermodynamics are not accepted as proven fact, they are merely accepted as undisputed). Evidence, however, does generally need to be empirical in order to be acceptable, even in cases of law. In cases of law, it almost always requires empirical evidence to overcome reasonable doubt. For instance, some states have even passed recent laws that bar a person from being able to be convicted on eyewitness testimony alone.
Disagree. You can have two rival theories that are to greater or lesser degree, both reasonable. Usually the reasonable theory that has the higher probability of being correct is the one that should be adopted.
Maybe, but we're not talking about the reasonableness of rival theories. We're talking about the acceptability of evidence that be be used as evidence of either theory. If I remember correctly (I may not, because I didn't go back to look at Zak's original post), the question posited was something like, "What evidence would you accept as sufficient evidence of God (or, if asked by a theist, of no God)." Obviously, if both sides are using the same bit of evidence for their own side, then that evidence isn't going to stack up well against the evidence of their opponent; their points will basically cancel each other out, the evidence being of no help at all. If you want to gain an edge on your opponent, your evidence has to be something your opponent cannot use.
Disagree. For example, logic is not empirical or observable in a physical sense, but we'd hardly consider it "mythical". Black holes are not directly observable or been subject to any empirical testing yet we know they are not mythical.
They aren't mythical, but they are theoretical. Black holes have not been proven to exist. They are a theory that has been proposed, and is widely believed in, to explain some otherwise heretofor inexplicable phenomena. Myths are the same thing, in their way. The only difference between "mythical" and "theoretical" is that the theoretical seeks naturalistic explanations, and the mythical seeks supernatural explanations. However, since the theoretical is more uniformly based on empericism and scientific methods, it is more generally accepted than the mythical, which requires much more of a leap of faith.
In many cases, we can determine what an entity is, or if it exists by the effect of it's presence. This is not only true of black holes, but of gravity as well. We know of it's existence by it's effect.
No, but we can theorize about causes when the only thing we can observe is the effect. Gravity is also a much more testable theory than deism. We can test gravity again and again and again by using objects in the real, observable world, and recreate those effects every time. We can't call up demons and angels and gods, though, and test those theories which have been attributed to them in nearly such a manner. We can witness effects which we may theorize are caused by some entity or other, but only rarely can we recreate those effects, even when all the observable factors are recreated. Even if the effects can be recreated, the only thing that can really soundly be postulated is the physical or physiological processes involved; theories of divine or intelligent design behind those things are leaps of faith.
Disagree. You fail to consider the obvious fact that people who witness miracles are most likely going to become believers. For example, let's say I was an avid disbeliever in aliens. If an alien came and visited me and I directly observed the alien, by the time I reported the event to you I would have changed into a believer. In other words, the act of witnessing the miracle in many cases is the CAUSE of one's conversion from disbeliever into believer.....therefore, your stipulation on this point is very limited in scope and not realistic.
You also fail to consider that very, very few of the miraculous events in the Bible were attested to by actual eyewitnesses, with the possible exception of the alleged miracles of Moses (which were written of by Moses -- tooting his own horn, anyone?). There are almost no 1st person eyewitness testimonies to the miracles of Jesus in the Bible. Scarcely a word of the New Testament was even written by anyone who had ever met Jesus, or had met him for any significant time. Paul met him on the road to Damascus, but I don't recall there being any miracles done at that time. Most of the entire New Testament was written quite a long time after the death of Christ, and some of its authors weren't even born at the time of the crucifixion. In other words, almost the entirety of testimony to biblical miracle-working is done through 3rd person "he said she said" accounts.