But their purpose was to defend Calvinism, not to exegete Scripture.
No.
See:
http://www.amazon.com/Minutes-Papers-Westminster-Assembly-1643-1653/dp/019920683X
The scriptural proofs for the Confession have an interesting story behind it. During the Assembly´s proceedings, the Assembly settled upon various articles of the Confession through the process of discussion and debate. One of the rules in these proceedings was that speakers should make their statements good from Scripture. No do
ubt, many many quotations from the Scriptures were brought out in their meetings. Nevertheless, the Assembly voted to adopt the precise wording of the Confession without incorporating the numerous biblical references raised during the discussion of each article.
When the document was completed in December 1646, it was simply the text of the Confession alone that was presented to Parliament. The House of Commons was not satisfied and they gave orders to the Assembly requiring them to add scriptural proofs to it. This action was probably a stall tactic, because the House of Commons were Erastians and they opposed the Confession´s teaching on Church government and the relationship between the Church and the state. But while the motives of the Parliament were suspect, their action greatly enhanced the usefulness of the Confession. Robert Baillie, one of the six Scottish commissioners, wrote, "
This innovation of our opposites (the Erastians) may well cost the Assembly some time" but it will be for the advantage and strength of the work."
In replying the Parliament, the Assembly agreed to add the scriptural texts, but also gave a brief explanation why they had not done so in the first place. Firstly, the 39 Articles of the Church of England (the revision of those articles had been the Assembly´s first task) did not have proof texts. Secondly, the confession was already a rather large document and to add the Scriptures would make it a very large volume. Thirdly and in their words, "
There was seldom any debate about the truth or falsehood of any article or clause, but rather the manner of expression or the fitness to have it put into the Confession. Whereupon when there were any texts debated in the Assembly, they were never put to vote."
A careful study of the proof texts would no doubt help in understanding and discovering how the Divines developed a particular doctrine from various passages of Scripture and how one verse is linked to others under the same doctrine.
The entire Standards contain over 4,900 references, revealing the breadth of biblical knowledge which each member of the Assembly had. References are made to every book of the Bible except the two short books of Obadiah and Philemon. Interestingly, considering the uninformed's "
Calvinism dilutes evangelism" canard, the most frequently cited passage is Matthew 28:18, the Great Commission.
The above is available at most university libraries for your personal research and correction of your assumptions.
For a shorter work by the same author who often comments about the texts used in the WCF from the perspective of the authors of the WCF, see:
http://www.amazon.com/Confessing-Faith-Readers-Westminster-Confession/dp/1848714041
People complaining about prooftexting are attributing their pitiful experience with opponents who drop verses without meaningful context or explanation (like John 3:16--"
hey! it proves that people have free-will!") as if just referencing the text was the silver bullet. Real prooftexting is contextual, exegetical, and applicational.
Sorry, but the folks who think the Westminster Standards were "
to defend Calvinism, not to exegete Scripture," obviously haven't studied either the Standards or the Scriptures adduced in them. That's just the truth. These are intellectually lazy people.
And I'm sorry they are both factually and feelingly in error, or that this assesment may seem insulting to them. It's not meant to be. But this is exactly why the church is today in such a state. Folks (who otherwise claim a fierce dedication to the Bible) are bringing a whole lot to the Bible, instead of truly coming to the Bible to be taught. Challenge most of them, and they will say they have no time, or they are satisfied that the understanding they have received (from men they trusted!) is the truth. They want to be "Bereans" but they are locked in to a grid of pre-understanding that is quite powerful. For that matter, the New Testament employs proof-texting effectively, especially the books initially intended for Jewish audience. One thinks of Matthew's "
fulfilment" motif, or Hebrews "
Holy Ghost" statements. It is a type of
ad verecundiam (argument from authority), where not only the text is appealed to, but its plain meaning is undisputed within a tradition. It is a valid form of argument in proper intramural discussions.
One should consult
Muller, wherein he explains what we call proof-texting in the historical context of 17th century Reformed Scholasticism. It is not what we are often led to believe. They held to a historical-grammatical and biblico-theological hermeneutic. Their confessional/theological formulations were based on exegesis and theological synthesis (agree or disagree as we may). In other words,
dogmatics was based on exegesis and biblical theology. Seventeenth century Reformed dogmatic/symbolic theology received some bad press in the 19th and 20th century wherein Muller offers up historical correctives.
See also:
http://www.amazon.com/EVERYDAY-WESTMINSTER-ASSEMBLY-Edited-Duncan/dp/B000TO8O3M
AMR