The Comma Johanneum
The Comma Johanneum
NIV 1 John 5
6 This is the one who came by water and blood—Jesus Christ. He did not come by water only, but by water and blood. And it is the Spirit who testifies, because the Spirit is the truth. 7 For there are three that testify: 8 the[See a] Spirit, the water and the blood; and the three are in agreement.
NIV Footnotes:
a.1 John 5:8 Late manuscripts of the Vulgate testify in heaven: the Father, the Word and the Holy Spirit, and these three are one. And there are three that testify on earth: the (not found in any Greek manuscript before the fourteenth century)
KJV 1 John 5:6
This is he that came by water and blood, Jesus Christ: not by water only, but by water and blood. And it is the Spirit which testifieth, that Christ is the truth. 7And there are three who give testimony in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost. And these three are one.
1 John 5:7 implicitly states that all THREE are ONE.
This is the only verse in the Bible that explicitly states that all three persons are one.
Unfortunately, it was added to that verse.
No earlier version includes that last phrase about them being one.
The first 2 additions of Erasmus' master Greek text did not have this.
Stunica (a Catholic authority) demanded that he include the phrase.
Erasmus told Stunica that if he could provide one Greek manuscript with that phrase, he would include it.
But no Greek manuscripts up to that time had it.
Only Latin manuscripts had it. So Stunica had a Greek manuscript made up from the Latin and forced Erasmus to include it.
In 1514, before Erasmus had even begun to edit his text, but its publication was delayed until 1522, until permission of Pope Leo X had finally been obtained for it.
"The supreme Pontiff Leo X, Our Most Holy Father in Christ and Lord, desiring to favour this undertaking, sent from the apostolic library."
This claim seems to have been accepted by all at that time.
In view of its inclusion in the Clementine edition of the Latin Vulgate (1592), in 1897 the Holy Office in Rome, a high ecclesiastical congregation, made an authoritative pronouncement, approved and confirmed by Pope Leo XIII, that it is not safe to deny that this verse is an authentic part of St. John's Epistle."
Yes, the good ole Comma Johanneum controversy.
Here is a good portal post, linking to other posts/video presentations on this issue, covered earlier.
Since I do not subscribe to a dogmatic assumption of 'biblical inerrancy', and deem it 'unnecessary' a 'belief' (since religious writings can be more or less 'inspired' while being subject to human imperfection and distortion),...this passage is fairly inconsequential and incidental as an
interpolation.
It does seem BEST
left out of the passage since it does not necessarily add anything to the 'context' except as a
trinitarian analogy superimposed, since the emphasis of the writer is the
Spirit bearing witness with the blood and water, as a testimony that Jesus Christ has been manifested in the flesh, and these
three elements TOGETHER comprise a sure testimony of God
concerning his SON. The
Son of God is the main subject here, NOT a 'trinity'
per se, NEITHER necessarily a 'Trinity' later defined in formal creeds made a few centuries later.
Granted these facts and rational observations, this passage is pretty
weak as a 'Trinitarian' proof text for the 'Orthodox', and remains a
conceptual embellishment, perhaps harmless or helpful within a certain
allegorical sense, or wholly unnecessary anyways