Paul did not write Hebrews; we do not know who did

[Right Divider]

Every book that Paul wrote had "Paul" as the first word.

Rom 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called [to be] an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,​

1Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, called [to be] an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes [our] brother,​

2Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy [our] brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints which are in all Achaia:​

Gal 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead​

Eph 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:​

Phil 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul and Timotheus, the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in Christ Jesus which are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:​

Col 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timotheus [our] brother,​

1Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians [which is] in God the Father and [in] the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace [be] unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.​

2Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:​

1Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God our Saviour, and Lord Jesus Christ, [which][ is] our hope;​

2Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,​

Titus 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;​

Phlm 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy [our] brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellowlabourer,
​

Heb 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets,​

Thirteen times Paul puts HIS name as the first word of his epistle and yet it's NOT there in the book to the HEBREWS.

2Thess 3:17 (AKJV/PCE)​

(3:17) The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.​

No, someone else wrote to the Hebrews.

P.S. Why would the apostle of the gentiles write a book to the HEBREWS?

 

[DAN P]

Every book that Paul wrote had "Paul" as the first word.

​

Rom 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called [to be] an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,​

1Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, called [to be] an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes [our] brother,​

2Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy [our] brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints which are in all Achaia:​

Gal 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead​

Eph 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:​

Phil 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul and Timotheus, the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in Christ Jesus which are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:​

Col 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timotheus [our] brother,​

1Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians [which is] in God the Father and [in] the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace [be] unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.​

2Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:​

1Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God our Saviour, and Lord Jesus Christ, [which][ is] our hope;​

2Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,​

Titus 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;​

Phlm 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy [our] brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellowlabourer, ​

​

​

Heb 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets,​

Thirteen times Paul puts HIS name as the first word of his epistle and yet it's NOT there in the book to the HEBREWS.

​

2Thess 3:17 (AKJV/PCE)​

(3:17) The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.​

No, someone else wrote to the Hebrews.

P.S. Why would the apostle of the gentiles write a book to the HEBREWS?

And here are strong reasons for believing that Paul wrote HEBREWS

#1 The closing words of this letter are common to all of Paul's letters, GRACE BE WITH YOU ALL . Heb 13:25

#2 , The mention of Timothy in Heb 13:23 He was a co-worker with the apostle . Paul considered him as his son in the faith , 1 Tim 1:2 , as a deadly beloved son , 2 Tim 1:2

#3 Paul was instructed IN all aspects of the Law of Moses , and was qualified to write to his brethren after the flesh , Gal 1:14

#4 Peter said that Paul had written a letter to his people , and it was to be considered as scripture , 2 Peter 3:15-16 . If it is not Hebrews , then where is it ? If it was LOST , THEN teh Canon of Scripture is not complete . Hebrews is that letter .

# 5 Paul did have a ministry with Israel . Acts 9:15 . That was part of his commission to him by the ASCENDED Christ . Hebrews belongs to this part ofnhis minstry , and accounts for why the GREEK is different from his letters to Gentile churches .

#6 Paul is the only writer to quote Habakkuk 2:4 in the new testament 3 times , each with different emphasis , Rom 1:17 , Gal 3:11 and Heb 10:38 .

#7 Paul is the only apostle to ask for prayer for himself , Heb 13:18 -- pray for us .
8 Paul is the ONLY witer in the New Testament who wrote about the PASSING away of thr Law of Moses , the Old Covenant , Heb 8:13in line with what He wrote in 2 Cor 3:10--18 , Eph 2:15 anf Col 2:14 .

#1 ,Does the writing of Hebrews contradict the MANY revelations that Paul recieved from the risen Christ concerning the MYSTERY and the BODY of Christ ?? NO , it doesn't because he wrote to Hebrews If Pal has written this letter to Gentiles or to the BODY of CHRIST , then HEBREWS wopuld be contradictory in nature .

#2 In believing that Paul wrote Hebrews , does this belief make VOID his commission to the GENTILES as stated in Acts 9:15 ??No , of course not !

In fact it tends to enhance it because his commission was TWOFOLD ;

#1 To Gentiles and Kings

#2 , To the children of Israel , NOT the NATION of ISRAEL .

All of this is from Robert C Brock as he wrote a booklet of 227 pages and have left out , more of this words

dan p

 

[Trump Gurl]

ARTICLE
The Letter to the Hebrews
ANTONIO FUENTES • 11/1/1992

The Letter to the Hebrews

The letter to the Hebrews appears in the New Testament after the thirteen Pauline letters and before the seven catholic letters.

www.catholic.com

The letter to the Hebrews appears in the New Testament after the thirteen Pauline letters and before the seven catholic letters. Early tradition, in the main, attributed this text to Paul, but the western Church did not accept its Pauline authorship until the fourth century; and even in the east some (including Clement of Alexandria and Origen) had reservations about whether its literary style coincided with Paul’s.

Internal examination of the text does show that it is in many ways different from the rest of Paul’s writings. For example, it is more elegant, more eloquent, it does not carry the usual greeting and introduction, and it does not quote Scripture in the way Paul does. Its doctrine is Pauline but the way it is expounded makes it difficult to attribute its direct authorship to Paul. The letter’s canonicity is not in doubt; it was included in the canon by the Council of Trent (8 April 1546) among the other writings of Paul, although the Council chose not to state categorically that it was written by Paul.

The Pontifical Biblical Communion, in a decree issued on April 24, 1914, reaffirmed its canonicity. It answered the question, “Has the apostle Paul to be regarded as the author of this letter in the sense that not only must one hold that he conceived it and expressed it under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, but that he gave it the form in which it has come down to us?” Its reply was, “No, not unless the Church decides so in the future.” This is probably why there is no direct reference to Paul as author of this letter in recent liturgical books. However, Paul can be regarded as the indirect author of Hebrews. Researchers are free to explore this matter.

Some scholars think it may have been written by Barnabas or Silas, disciples of Paul; others suggest Apollos, an Alexandrian Jew noted for his eloquence (ct. Acts 18 24:28), in view of the way it quotes the Old Testament and its beautiful style and language. In any event, this is a secondary question which has nothing to do with matters of faith.

We have no definite information about where and when Hebrews was written, or to whom it was addressed. Probably the author wrote it in Italy (cf. “Those who come from Italy send you greetings” – 13:24), although this could mean it was written in a place where Christians from Italy were living.

The date of composition can be deduced with a certain degree of probability from the reference it contains to the temple of Jerusalem and the worship offered there – implying that the temple is operational. Since it warns Christians against the temptation of returning to the ancient Levitical form of worship, it would seem to have been written before 70, the year the Temple was razed . . . .ATIC;LE CONTINUES HERE ONLINE

 

[Right Divider]

And here are strong reasons for believing that Paul wrote HEBREWS

I don't find these "strong reasons" at all.

#1 The closing words of this letter are common to all of Paul's letters, GRACE BE WITH YOU ALL . Heb 13:25

Paul also signed ALL of His epistles with his name. He said so himself.

2Th 3:17 KJV The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.

Completely MISSING from Hebrews.

#2 , The mention of Timothy in Heb 13:23 He was a co-worker with the apostle . Paul considered him as his son in the faith , 1 Tim 1:2 , as a deadly beloved son , 2 Tim 1:2

There are many people named Timothy in the world.
Many of Paul's friends also knew Paul's friend Timothy.

#3 Paul was instructed IN all aspects of the Law of Moses , and was qualified to write to his brethren after the flesh , Gal 1:14

That doesn't mean that Paul wrote Hebrews.

#4 Peter said that Paul had written a letter to his people , and it was to be considered as scripture , 2 Peter 3:15-16 . If it is not Hebrews , then where is it ? If it was LOST , THEN teh Canon of Scripture is not complete . Hebrews is that letter .

Not everything Paul wrote was scripture.

etc. etc. etc.

 

[DAN P]

I don't find these "strong reasons" at all.

Paul also signed ALL of His epistles with his name. He said so himself.

Completely MISSING from Hebrews.

There are many people named Timothy in the world.
Many of Paul's friends also knew Paul's friend Timothy.

That doesn't mean that Paul wrote Hebrews.

Not everything Paul wrote was scripture.

etc. etc. etc.

And not everything that Paul wrote was scripture , please list them !

dan p

 

[Right Divider]

And not everything that Paul was scripture , please list them !

dan p

 

[Lon]

Every book that Paul wrote had "Paul" as the first word.

​

Rom 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called [to be] an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,​

1Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, called [to be] an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes [our] brother,​

2Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy [our] brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints which are in all Achaia:​

Gal 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead​

Eph 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:​

Phil 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul and Timotheus, the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in Christ Jesus which are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:​

Col 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timotheus [our] brother,​

1Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians [which is] in God the Father and [in] the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace [be] unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.​

2Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:​

1Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God our Saviour, and Lord Jesus Christ, [which][ is] our hope;​

2Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,​

Titus 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;​

Phlm 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy [our] brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellowlabourer, ​

​

​

Heb 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets,​

Thirteen times Paul puts HIS name as the first word of his epistle and yet it's NOT there in the book to the HEBREWS.

​

2Thess 3:17 (AKJV/PCE)​

(3:17) The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.​

No, someone else wrote to the Hebrews.

P.S. Why would the apostle of the gentiles write a book to the HEBREWS?

Good thoughts and study here. There are some reasons for thinking it 'was' Paul. Note that at the end of the article, it concurs, however, with you, against Pauline authorship using Hebrews 2:3 as sufficient evidence. To me, the 'need' isn't there to determine authorship. The book is clearly to "Hebrews" and so if it is by Paul, it may have been one of his earliest books and prior to being set-apart to gentiles (a stretch?). If not, I'd still read it the exact same way: as a book that addresses uniquely Hebrew conditions who were yet under the sacrificial system. Perhaps my only reason for 'wanting' it to be Pauline, is a fondness for him as Apostle.

A thought: the books we have in our Bible are authored by Apostles. While Jude and Luke weren't part of "the Twelve" they likely were disciples (one His half-brother) who walked with Him. Hebrews would need a similar stamp of approval by God so 'why not Paul?' is for me, a fine credential for the book. In Him

 

[Right Divider]

@Lon

Paul says that his name is in ALL of his epistles. And it's there in ALL of them but Hebrews?

 

[Lon]

@Lon

Paul says that his name is in ALL of his epistles. And it's there in ALL of them but Hebrews?

Good thought/reasoning. One of the arguments goes: It is its own evidence: It'd not be in the Bible if it weren't for Apostleship. The assumption then is: Who was 'most' qualified to write such a letter as Hebrews?

While this has always gone back and forth and with incredibly good 'smoking guns' that leave me saying 'Ah Ha!' for both sides, I'm at a loss. I wish we could find the original copy with Paul's DNA all over it! Until then? I love both sides of the discussion and simply agree 1) that Hebrews should be in our canon and 2) that it isn't directly addressed to me, so I have to be careful about who's mail I'm reading. In our Christ -Lon

 

[DAN P]

Good thought/reasoning. One of the arguments goes: It is its own evidence: It'd not be in the Bible if it weren't for Apostleship. The assumption then is: Who was 'most' qualified to write such a letter as Hebrews?

While this has always gone back and forth and with incredibly good 'smoking guns' that leave me saying 'Ah Ha!' for both sides, I'm at a loss. I wish we could find the original copy with Paul's DNA all over it! Until then? I love both sides of the discussion and simply agree 1) that Hebrews should be in our canon and 2) that it isn't directly addressed to me, so I have to be careful about who's mail I'm reading. In our Christ -Lon

And Robert C Brock has translated the whole book of Hebrews WITH NOTES and has more comments as to why Paul was the author and list Pauline expressions as seen in the book of Hebrews chapter by chapter and I started to list and gave up as there are 92 expressions to compare and much typing .

Maybe , his books can be googled and some also have written their books , for and against and he believes that Paul wrote Hebrews is the best that I have read .

dan p

 

[NobodyAtAll]

Good thought/reasoning. One of the arguments goes: It is its own evidence: It'd not be in the Bible if it weren't for Apostleship. The assumption then is: Who was 'most' qualified to write such a letter as Hebrews?

While this has always gone back and forth and with incredibly good 'smoking guns' that leave me saying 'Ah Ha!' for both sides, I'm at a loss. I wish we could find the original copy with Paul's DNA all over it! Until then? I love both sides of the discussion and simply agree 1) that Hebrews should be in our canon and 2) that it isn't directly addressed to me, so I have to be careful about who's mail I'm reading.

First thing I came across in my research is the earliest manuscript editions of the New Testament books, Hebrews is included after Romans among the books written by the apostle Paul. This was taken as evidence that Paul had written it, and some Eastern churches accepted Hebrews as canonical earlier than in the West. Is that enough to answer the question of authorship? Probably not.

 

[Poly]

I believe we do not know who wrote Hebrews. But just curious, why do you think the author didn’t want anyone to know who wrote it?

 

[Right Divider]

I believe we do not know who wrote Hebrews. But just curious, why do you think the author didn’t want anyone to know who wrote it?

Did someone actually make that claim?

 

[Poly]

Did someone actually make that claim?

Well, since we don't know who it is, I'm guessing it either got lost somewhere if they meant to have the author known or they purposely didn't want anybody to know. Just my guess. Could be another reason I'm not thinking of.

 

[Right Divider]

Well, since we don't know who it is, I'm guessing it either got lost somewhere if they meant to have the author known or they purposely didn't want anybody to know. Just my guess. Could be another reason I'm not thinking of.

No problem. I was just curious whether someone had actually made that claim.

 

[DancesWithGnostics]

Never in Paul's lifetime did we ever hear of Timothy being in prison. But late in Hebrews, it mentions Timothy getting out of prison.
I got the vibe s that maybe Paul was already dead.
b it really, by saying I don't know who wrote Hebrews, I don't know for a fact that Paul DIDN'T write it.

 

[Right Divider]

Never in Paul's lifetime did we ever hear of Timothy being in prison. But late in Hebrews, it mentions Timothy getting out of prison.
I got the vibe s that maybe Paul was already dead.
b it really, by saying I don't know who wrote Hebrews, I don't know for a fact that Paul DIDN'T write it.

The doctrine in Hebrews are very much related to Israel; their history and their future.
The doctrine in Hebrews do not match with the doctrine in all of Paul's epistles.

 

[DancesWithGnostics]

Why does Hebrews speak of TABERNACLE rather than TEMPLE?

 

[glorydaz]

Every book that Paul wrote had "Paul" as the first word.

​

Rom 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called [to be] an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,​

1Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, called [to be] an apostle of Jesus Christ through the will of God, and Sosthenes [our] brother,​

2Cor 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timothy [our] brother, unto the church of God which is at Corinth, with all the saints which are in all Achaia:​

Gal 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle, (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead​

Eph 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:​

Phil 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul and Timotheus, the servants of Jesus Christ, to all the saints in Christ Jesus which are at Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:​

Col 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, and Timotheus [our] brother,​

1Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians [which is] in God the Father and [in] the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace [be] unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.​

2Thess 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, and Silvanus, and Timotheus, unto the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ:​

1Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the commandment of God our Saviour, and Lord Jesus Christ, [which][ is] our hope;​

2Tim 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,​

Titus 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;​

Phlm 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) Paul, a prisoner of Jesus Christ, and Timothy [our] brother, unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellowlabourer, ​

​

​

Heb 1:1 (AKJV/PCE)​

(1:1) God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets,​

Thirteen times Paul puts HIS name as the first word of his epistle and yet it's NOT there in the book to the HEBREWS.

​

2Thess 3:17 (AKJV/PCE)​

(3:17) The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.​

No, someone else wrote to the Hebrews.

P.S. Why would the apostle of the gentiles write a book to the HEBREWS?

I have a thought about that P.S. Notice the "Jew first", and remember the love and loyalty Paul had for his fellow Jews. Early on after his Road to Damascus experience, Paul was just preaching Jesus was the Christ, the Son of God. It was only after the Lord sent Paul off to Asia that he began preaching his own gospel.

Romans 9:1-3
I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost,
That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart.
For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh:

• Romans 1:16
  For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.
  
  
• Romans 2:9
  Tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first, and also of the Gentile;
  
  
• Romans 2:10
  But glory, honour, and peace, to every man that worketh good, to the Jew first, and also to the Gentile:

I really need to read Hebrews with that in mind. I haven't even read this thread yet, so I'm excited.

 

[glorydaz]

Well, since we don't know who it is, I'm guessing it either got lost somewhere if they meant to have the author known or they purposely didn't want anybody to know. Just my guess. Could be another reason I'm not thinking of.

Maybe Paul was in such a state of shock that he wrote to the Jews right away....feeling the need to prove to the Jews that Jesus was indeed the Christ. Thus no salutation.

I should just shut up until I read it with fresh eyes.