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2, the heavens. We will not find much about the distant heavens. The text is concerned with the local solar system and those objects that are in the expanse of the sky. This refers to the canopy which is discussed below. Only its objects are 'the heavens.' Using NT interpretation, the distant heavens are distinct in 2 Pet 3 and the heavens 'existed,' while the earth was more recently formed, which is what Genesis 1 is saying. The canopy would not allow a view of Orion, which is the Greek term for 'heavens'.
In case we think that the NT world was 'primitive' astronomically (that objects in the sky were considered to be a mile away), Ptolemy in the 2nd century declared that the earth was a mere mathematical point in a massive universe. This fact is generally suppressed to relegate the NT world to that of primitivity (see Lewis, “Religion and Science”).*
Heb 11:3 has an astronomical meaning. It is not saying that things came about in the sense of ex nihilo. That is, out of nothing. Instead, Heb 11:3 means from that which is not visible. Hydrogen is not visible at the beginning of a star cycle. This supports the idea of an old universe, but not a very old earth.
When God forms, he sometimes uses existing materials and tells them to be a certain shape. See 2 Pet 3 again on that.
The earth, as introduced, is 'formless and void,' dark, with deep water, and without the Spirit of God at work on it. For now our attention is only on the dark, deep, and absence of the Spirit. 'Formless and void' will be discussed below at 3.
The NT refers to evil angels being imprisoned on places that are called darkest blackness. A wandering star that burns out ends there, and evil leaders in NT groups were referred to as such stars.
Therefore, there is a case that the earth was one of these before Gen 1.
In case we think that the NT world was 'primitive' astronomically (that objects in the sky were considered to be a mile away), Ptolemy in the 2nd century declared that the earth was a mere mathematical point in a massive universe. This fact is generally suppressed to relegate the NT world to that of primitivity (see Lewis, “Religion and Science”).*
Heb 11:3 has an astronomical meaning. It is not saying that things came about in the sense of ex nihilo. That is, out of nothing. Instead, Heb 11:3 means from that which is not visible. Hydrogen is not visible at the beginning of a star cycle. This supports the idea of an old universe, but not a very old earth.
When God forms, he sometimes uses existing materials and tells them to be a certain shape. See 2 Pet 3 again on that.
The earth, as introduced, is 'formless and void,' dark, with deep water, and without the Spirit of God at work on it. For now our attention is only on the dark, deep, and absence of the Spirit. 'Formless and void' will be discussed below at 3.
The NT refers to evil angels being imprisoned on places that are called darkest blackness. A wandering star that burns out ends there, and evil leaders in NT groups were referred to as such stars.
Therefore, there is a case that the earth was one of these before Gen 1.