Not many people understand what glory or to be glorified means. Lets first look at this verse,
In his right hand he held seven stars, and coming out of his mouth was a sharp, double-edged sword. His face was like the sun shining in all its brilliance. (Revelation 1:16 [NIV])
Now, this glorification of radiating light is similar to the glorification that those who are saved at his coming will also receive, all who are saved at his coming will also radiate light, as it is said,
The Greek word for glory is "doxa", which has several definitions, "honor, renown, and splendor". Splendor is the definition of interest for this particular study on glory. The glory of something is something that radiates light, hence splendor. What do the sun, moon, and stars all have in common? They radiate light. So therefore, something, or someone that has been glorified, is something or someone that then begins to radiate light. An example of one man that was glorified was actually Moses,There is one glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for star differs from star in glory. (1 Corinthians 15:41 [ESV])
When Moses spoke to God at Mount Sinai, his face then began to radiate light. This light that shone from his face, was the light that Aaron and the sons of Israel saw, and were even afraid of Moses,And as Moses went down from mount Sinai, even the two tablets were upon the hands of Moses. And in his going down from the mountain, even Moses did not know that the appearance of the complexion of his face was glorified in his speaking to him. (Exodus 34:29 [ABP])
Next, Jesus also said this,And Aaron and all the sons of Israel saw Moses; and he was being glorified in the appearance of the complexion of his face. And they feared to approach him. (Exodus 34:30 [ABP])
So at what point in the beginning did Jesus have this glory that radiates light before the world began? When he uttered these words,And now, Father, glorify me in your presence with the glory I had with you before the world began. (John 17:5 [NIV])
This light came from himself, as the luminaries in the heaven hadn't yet been created till the 4th day to give light upon the earth, so he himself literally began radiating this light that he brought forth into existence, hence why he also says,And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light. (Genesis 1:3 [NIV])
He literally became the light of the world, which is the glory he had before the world began. In the John 17:5 verse, he also states, "glorify me in your presence", which means, make me "radiate light" in your presence just as it was before the world began. So when did Jesus begin radiating light after his resurrection? Lets first look at this verse,When Jesus spoke again to the people, he said, "I am the light of the world. Whoever follows me will never walk in darkness, but will have the light of life." (John 8:12 [NIV])
So at this point in speaking with Mary, he had not yet ascended to the Father to be glorified. And then we also read in this verse,Jesus said, "Do not hold on to me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father. Go instead to my brothers and tell them, 'I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.'" (John 20:17 [NIV])
In this verse we can see that the holy spirit was given after Jesus was glorified. The last sighting of Jesus before he ascended was here,By this he meant the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were later to receive. Up to that time the Spirit had not been given, since Jesus had not yet been glorified. (John 7:39 [NIV])
And then in the John 17:5 we read, "glorify me in your presence", and Jesus could've only been in his presence of the Father after he ascended to him. So therefore, the glorification of Jesus occurred after he ascended to the Father. This then coincides with,After he said this, he was taken up before their very eyes, and a cloud hid him from their sight. They were looking intently up into the sky as he was going, when suddenly two men dressed in white stood beside them. "Men of Galilee," they said, "why do you stand here looking into the sky? This same Jesus, who has been taken from you into heaven, will come back in the same way you have seen him go into heaven." (Acts 1:9 [NIV])
It was when he ascended to heaven to the Father, he was thus glorified, he then sent forth holy spirit. So the whole time that Jesus was with the disciples after his resurrection and before his ascension, they had not yet seen his new glory of radiating light on his new body. As even the transfiguration of Jesus was not when he was glorified, because the transfiguration was merely a vision, hence,But very truly I tell you, it is for your good that I am going away. Unless I go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send him to you. (John 16:7 [NIV])
This glory that he received that radiates light is the same glory that the world will witness when he comes back,And as they were coming down the mountain, Jesus commanded them, “Tell no one the vision, until the Son of Man is raised from the dead.” (Matthew 17:9 [NIV])
"Then will appear the sign of the Son of Man in heaven. And then all the peoples of the earth will mourn when they see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven, with power and great glory. (Matthew 24:30 [NIV])
Every valley shall be raised up, every mountain and hill made low; the rough ground shall become level, the rugged places a plain. And the glory of the LORD will be revealed, and all people will see it together. For the mouth of the LORD has spoken." (Isaiah 40:4-5 [NIV])
In his right hand he held seven stars, and coming out of his mouth was a sharp, double-edged sword. His face was like the sun shining in all its brilliance. (Revelation 1:16 [NIV])
Now, this glorification of radiating light is similar to the glorification that those who are saved at his coming will also receive, all who are saved at his coming will also radiate light, as it is said,
Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Whoever has ears, let them hear. (Matthew 13:43 [NIV])
Yet we do not know how exactly each of us will be, as even in 1 John we read,For those God foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters. And those he predestined, he also called; those he called, he also justified; those he justified, he also glorified. (Romans 8:29-30 [NIV])
And then Paul affirms when speaking concerning the new body of the resurrection,Dear friends, now we are children of God, and what we will be has not yet been made known. But we know that when Christ appears, we shall be like him, for we shall see him as he is. (1 John 3:2 [NIV])
So just as we do not know how big or small a plant will be from the seed we plant, so is the resurrection of the dead, we plant a seed now, yet what body we are given and it's measure of glory, will be determined by God. After this passage, is when he goes on to mention the different glories of the heaven in relation to the new bodies of the resurrection.But someone will ask, "How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will they come?" How foolish! What you sow does not come to life unless it dies. When you sow, you do not plant the body that will be, but just a seed, perhaps of wheat or of something else. But God gives it a body as he has determined, and to each kind of seed he gives its own body. (1 Corinthians 15:35-38 [NIV])