Interplanner
Well-known member
Once we know that the NT has quoted the OT, we are informed to look for something in an OT passage that we might not have seen otherwise.
You are probably familiar with the Phillippians 2 passage about 'every knee will bow.' It is believed to be an early Christian song, and some translations have printed it that way. But v10 is not marked, even by the NIV, as being from Is 45.
In Is 44-45, there are several surprising things. One is the satire on wooden gods. One is the fact that Cyrus is named 170 years in advance as being a tool--a servant, a shepherd--in God's hand to take Israel back to its homeland from captivity. Another is that Israel is destined to be in a mission in which all the ends of the earth will praise God for salvation. There is absolutely no question that God wants all the earth to hear of salvation, and that through Israel, in these sections. These are all as basic facts as those of creation: that God set the heavens and founded the earth.
None of which is a new message: he says God had declared it long ago.
One special emphasis is how this is true in Christ, although only stated as 'in the Lord.' The universal message and appeal to return to God and bow the knee is what introduces this. Those who believe are to confess that 'only in the Lord are righteousness...' and also only in the Lord will anyone 'be found righteous.' That is as advanced as anything Paul ever said. That is, the righteousness is not in the believer, it is in Christ and credited.
So here are some lessons:
1, none of this material is for splicing and chopping into various timeslots. Not at all. It is the shape and direction that the NT will have once Christ arrives.
2, This is perhaps as close as the OT gets to completely 'shaping' what Christ would do and be. Yet it can't quite be seen. It is as though a cloth has been draped over a carving and made to fit very tightly to reveal all the features, but is still covered.
3, there is total concern about and a mission for all nations. That is what was declared in the ancient past, if we understand Genesis properly. But now we know there is a role for Israel in it. Somehow the nations will be taught that God is both righteous and a savior (45:21) which of course is found in the tight 5 words in Rom 3: God the just and justifier.
4, Anyone can see that the land of Israel is relegated. Excuse me, but how do you get to the ends of the earth with this message if there is something necessary about the land of Israel? Ahh, that was one of 1st century Judaism's dilemmas. We know what Christ thought of that! (Mt 23). There are only two options on that one, duh.
5, in the middle of this is the usual 'argument' that Israel has with God. The clay always arguing with the Potter. 45:9. This material is also essential to Paul in Rom 9 and it has to do with correcting a misconception about Israel's destiny. What is it about? What is it supposed to do? Paul debated that til he was exhausted, trying to get them to be the missionaries that are found in Isaiah and elsewhere, Acts 13:48, 28:25+ A modern rabbi says that the Torah has a higher place than the prophets and is one part of Judaism's trinity, while the prophets are not; no wonder why.
You are probably familiar with the Phillippians 2 passage about 'every knee will bow.' It is believed to be an early Christian song, and some translations have printed it that way. But v10 is not marked, even by the NIV, as being from Is 45.
In Is 44-45, there are several surprising things. One is the satire on wooden gods. One is the fact that Cyrus is named 170 years in advance as being a tool--a servant, a shepherd--in God's hand to take Israel back to its homeland from captivity. Another is that Israel is destined to be in a mission in which all the ends of the earth will praise God for salvation. There is absolutely no question that God wants all the earth to hear of salvation, and that through Israel, in these sections. These are all as basic facts as those of creation: that God set the heavens and founded the earth.
None of which is a new message: he says God had declared it long ago.
One special emphasis is how this is true in Christ, although only stated as 'in the Lord.' The universal message and appeal to return to God and bow the knee is what introduces this. Those who believe are to confess that 'only in the Lord are righteousness...' and also only in the Lord will anyone 'be found righteous.' That is as advanced as anything Paul ever said. That is, the righteousness is not in the believer, it is in Christ and credited.
So here are some lessons:
1, none of this material is for splicing and chopping into various timeslots. Not at all. It is the shape and direction that the NT will have once Christ arrives.
2, This is perhaps as close as the OT gets to completely 'shaping' what Christ would do and be. Yet it can't quite be seen. It is as though a cloth has been draped over a carving and made to fit very tightly to reveal all the features, but is still covered.
3, there is total concern about and a mission for all nations. That is what was declared in the ancient past, if we understand Genesis properly. But now we know there is a role for Israel in it. Somehow the nations will be taught that God is both righteous and a savior (45:21) which of course is found in the tight 5 words in Rom 3: God the just and justifier.
4, Anyone can see that the land of Israel is relegated. Excuse me, but how do you get to the ends of the earth with this message if there is something necessary about the land of Israel? Ahh, that was one of 1st century Judaism's dilemmas. We know what Christ thought of that! (Mt 23). There are only two options on that one, duh.
5, in the middle of this is the usual 'argument' that Israel has with God. The clay always arguing with the Potter. 45:9. This material is also essential to Paul in Rom 9 and it has to do with correcting a misconception about Israel's destiny. What is it about? What is it supposed to do? Paul debated that til he was exhausted, trying to get them to be the missionaries that are found in Isaiah and elsewhere, Acts 13:48, 28:25+ A modern rabbi says that the Torah has a higher place than the prophets and is one part of Judaism's trinity, while the prophets are not; no wonder why.